Toilet bowls

A toilet is a sanitary device installed in bathrooms and equipped with an automatic or semi-automatic flushing system designed to remove defecation and urination products.

Toilet device

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1 - Flush cistern cover.

2 - Flushing cistern.

3 - Toilet seat cover.

4 - Toilet seat rim.

5 - Toilet bowl.

6 - Hygienic shower.

7 - Water drain handle.

A Flushing cistern is designed to supply water from the pipeline for cleaning the toilet bowl. The filling mechanism and the release mechanism are mounted inside.

A float valve is used to fill the toilet, which closes when the required water level is reached.

In the depth of the toilet bowl, there is a siphon (provides a hydraulic seal for gases generated and accumulated in the sewer system), which then smoothly passes into the "outlet".

Methods for installing toilets

Squat toilet

It comes with a shared cistern (standard), free-standing toilets, Genoa bowls (Turkish toilets).

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Bowl Genoa

Wall hung toilets

It is assumed that there is a hidden cistern (installation) in the wall or a drain system without a cistern. In a flush system without a cistern, flushing is carried out directly with water from the water supply system, without accumulation in the cistern.

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Wall hung toilet
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Installation for a wall-hung toilet

It is undesirable to attach a wall-hung toilet to a plasterboard base. Wall-mounted toilets are made only with oblique or horizontal discharge into the drain.

Pros and cons of wall-hung toilets.

Pros:

- Looks good.

- Easy to wash the floor.

- Saves space.

Cons:

- Expensive cost.

- Complex installation.

- Hard to service.

Attached toilets

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Types of release into the sewerage system

By the type of release, toilet bowls are with vertical, horizontal, and oblique outlets. The choice of the required design depends on the location of the sewer entrance.

The horizontal outlet is used to lay sewer pipes, usually along walls (or partitions). Toilets with a horizontal outlet are generally installed against the wall, at right angles to it.

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"Horizontal" release

"Vertical" release allows you to install a plumbing unit at any point in the room and hide the pipelines using floor and ceiling-facing materials.

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"Vertical" release

"Oblique" release. Since the pipe runs at an angle and not straight (as in the horizontal version), the risk of leaks and clogging of the toilet is significantly reduced.

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"Oblique" release

Types of a toilet flush

Traditionally, two types of sinks are distinguished:

  1. Direct flush - durable but noisy.

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  1. Pivot flush - low noise and better flush compared to direct flush.

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Toilet bowls materials

Toilet bowls are made from all materials that can withstand temperature extremes and abrasives: ceramics, metal, natural and artificial stone, plastic.

Smart toilets

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An electrical network powers them.

Modern smart toilets have several different functions: