Heating devices

Radiators

Heating radiator - convective-radiation heating device, consisting of separate, usually columnar, elements (sections) with internal channels, inside which the heat-carrying fluid circulates.

Types of heating radiators: water, electric, infrared, gas, baseboard.

The power of heating devices depends on how well the room is insulated, the area of ​​the room, the air temperature in the room, and the temperature of the heat-carrying fluid.

Water radiators

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The choice of a heating radiator depends on the operating pressure in the system and the type of heat carrier. For example, in apartment buildings, multi-story buildings with high pressure in the water supply system, it is better to install cast iron radiators or steel panels.

In a private house with low working pressure, aluminum radiators are usually used.

There are various ways to install and connect water radiators. The best option for installing water radiators is via the open method against the wall. The radiator's efficiency is reduced if it is installed under a windowsill or behind a decorative panel or box.

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Its efficiency also depends on the method of connecting the radiator. With the installed circulation pump, any of the connection methods can be implemented in the system without any significant loss of efficiency.

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They have a large volume and weight. They are not demanding the quality of the heat-carrying fluid and withstand high working pressure. The service life of these radiators is 50 years or more. The large diameter of the bore and low hydraulic resistance allows them to be implemented in systems with a low operating pressure without using a circulation pump (with natural circulation).

Heat transfer coefficient for cast iron water radiators - 40%

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They are lightweight, have good design, but are sensitive to the quality of the heat-carrying fluid. As a result, corrosion may occur inside the radiator. They can be made of primary (more expensive) or secondary (cheaper but of lower quality) aluminum.

High heat transfer coefficient. The service life is approximately 25 years.

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A two-component unit of radiators: an aluminum body and a steel pipe through which the heat-carrying fluid moves. Due to the steel pipe, this type of radiator can withstand the high pressure of apartment buildings. The main disadvantage is the high price.

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Copper radiators are visually like panel batteries. The heat-carrying fluid is placed in a housing equipped with channels to improve air circulation. During heating, copper practically does not absorb heat. It is covered on top with a protective cover. Copper heat-carrying fluid can withstand temperatures up to 150 degrees, does not rust, has a high heat transfer, and service life of more than 50 years. The main disadvantage is the high price.

Electric heaters

The electrical network powers electric water heaters. There are two types: convection and oil.

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Convection electric radiator
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Ground-type convection electric radiator

Heat transfer takes place by natural air circulation or through a built-in fan. The lower part of the devices is equipped with special holes for sucking in air flows, for which heating elements are used. They can be wall-mounted, floor-standing, or recessed.

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An oil heater is a "battery" with heating elements inside, and a mineral oil filling acts as a heat carrier. When the oil cooler is turned on in the power grid, specific crackles are heard - this expands and boils from heating the oil. The oil heats the metal housing and gives off heat to the room.

The heating elements are insulated, and the surface is heated up to 60 degrees. This prevents the possibility of a fire and burns on contact with the surface.

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The principle of operation of an electric infrared heater is to apply voltage to a heating element. Thanks to the internal structure, thermal energy is converted into electromagnetic waves emitted in the infrared range metal reflector promotes their propagation throughout the room.

Electric infrared heaters are produced in vertical and horizontal cases. The type of installation distinguishes them: low-floor mounted, ground-type with a high rack, wall-mounted and overhead.

The equipment is effective both indoors and outdoors.

Gas heaters

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A gas infrared heater emits radiant heat in the infrared range. A ceramic plate is used to create it. It is heated by a supply of natural gas and air that combine in a mixing chamber where flameless combustion takes place. The heated ceramic plate heats the room.

Infrared gas heaters work from a gas cylinder. The gas cylinder is placed next to it, or it can be diverted from the device thanks to the long hose. Some heaters are designed to fit the cylinder inside the body.

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A gas street heater is a multifunctional appliance. It serves to heat the open area, illuminate it, and create a comfortable atmosphere. Such devices differ in their size and appearance, stylized for any theme.

It is an autonomous device that runs on liquefied or main gas. According to the method of installation, it can be in the form of hanging lanterns, pyramids, products on a stand, compact mobile devices.

Skirting radiators

A skirting radiator is a heating device placed along the walls along the perimeter of the room.

The baseboard radiator looks like a conventional heating battery but more petite and stretched. Skirting heaters are usually 140 mm high and 30 mm thick. There are two versions of the warm skirting system: water and electric.

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